Rhizotomy for Axial Back Pain

by Jules Stark

Overview

Axial back pain is the most common type of pain in the lower back. Rhizotomy--a procedure that effectively "shuts off" pain signals from back nerves--and other spinal surgeries are rarely recommended by physicians in cases of axial pain, though surgery may be necessary in chronic cases. See your doctor to determine which treatment is best for you.
Symptoms

Axial pain can vary widely in presentation. The pain can be mild or very severe, dull or sharp, and persistent or intermittent. Axial back pain usually gets worse in certain positions or during certain activities, and is often relieved by rest.

Cause

Many problems in the back can contribute to lower back pain, including damage to soft tissue, facet joint problems and a degenerated disk. It can be difficult to determine which structure in the body is responsible for axial pain.
Typical Treatments

Non-surgical treatments, like physical therapy, rest and pain relievers, are usually helpful. Axial back pain typically resolves on its own within six weeks. Surgical options, including disk replacement or fusion, may be pursued if pain persists.
Facet Joints

Facet joints--joints between the vertebrae that provide stability and flexibility--are responsible for back pain in many patients, including those who suffer from axial back pain. Facet rhizotomy may be performed to relieve pain in affected areas.
Facet Rhizotomy

In a facet rhizotomy, the surgeon places a needle with an electrode tip by the nerves around the facet joints. The electrode on the needle heats up and stuns or burns the nerve to prevent pain signals from being received. Because facet joint problems can be a cause of axial back pain, a rhizotomy may be a viable option for patients with axial pain.