What Is Pepper Spray Made From?

by Ann Hudson

Overview

Pepper spray is a an agent that causes pain and inflammation when sprayed into the eyes and face of an assailant. Tearing of the eyes will also occur. Used as a method of self-defense, pepper spray is derived from oleoresin capsicum, which is the active ingredient in chili pepper.
Function

When sprayed in the eyes, pepper spray will cause the capillaries in the eyes to dilate, rendering the recipient temporarily blind. The larynx will experience a period of temporary paralysis, as well, making breathing difficult.

Ingredients

In addition to the active ingredient, oleoresin capsicum, inert ingredients can be found in pepper spray that make up an oil or water base.
Features

Capsicum is an alkaloid that is found in a variety of chili peppers including cayenne, habaneros, chiletpin, and jalapenos.
Effects

Since the recipient of a blast of pepper spray is incapacitated, the individual who is using the pepper spray as a means of self-defense has an opportunity to escape.
Considerations

Pepper spray that contains an oil base is considered to be more effective since water bases can separate from active ingredients.
Potential

In the event of an animal attack, pepper sprays can be a very effective defense.