About the Dog Training Clicker

Overview

The dog training clicker is used in "clicker training," an animal training technique based on operant conditioning. The clicker itself is a small mechanical device that makes a short "click" sound when pressed and released. This sound indicates to the dog exactly what behavior is correct, and when that behavior was performed.
History

Clicker training focuses on reinforcement, one of the main tools of operant conditioning, to indicate (or "mark") to the dog when it has done something correctly. Through clicker training, the dog learns to intentionally perform a behavior in order to receive a reward.

How it Works

In clicker training, the trainer clicks at the exact moment the dog performs the desired behavior. If trying to teach a dog to sit, the trainer clicks the moment the dog's rear end hits the ground. The trainer then gives the dog a reward, usually a treat or pet, to reinforce the behavior.
Challenges

One of the challenges with clicker training is timing. In order for clicker training to be effective, the click must be done exactly when the dog performs the behavior that the trainer is trying to reinforce. If the trainer clicks too soon or too late, it may reinforce whatever behavior the dog is performing exactly at that instant, instead of the desired behavior.
Benefits

A clicker is very effective in teaching new behaviors, as well as practicing and enforcing old ones. The animal is enthusiastic and tries to learn new behaviors because it associates learned behaviors with rewards. Another benefit is that the clicker is not needed at all times. As soon as the dog understands a new behavior and the command that goes along with it, the clicker is no longer needed for that behavior.
Where to Buy

Clickers range in price from about $2 at PetSmart to upwards of $25 for kits that include videos or books (see Resources).

Overview